: The relationship between the text and other texts that preceded it.
Kristeva’s work served as the first major introduction of Mikhail Bakhtin to the French academic world. She adapted his concept of —the idea that language is always in conversation with other language—and applied it to the structuralist framework of the 1960s. Key Bakhtinian terms she explores include: Julia Kristeva Word Dialogue And Novel Pdf 21
A dense but essential part of the essay—and one that often appears in course materials—is Kristeva’s discussion of the "zero degree of writing." Drawing on Roland Barthes, she analyzes how literature attempts to reach a point of "pure" writing, free from history or style. : The relationship between the text and other