fastboot flash boot boot.img fastboot flash vendor_boot vendor_boot.img fastboot wipe-super super_empty.img fastboot flash super super.img fastboot reboot fastboot # now works

This exact error happened after flashing a GSI without repartitioning. Fix was:

What exactly are the "one or more components"? Based on AOSP (Android Open Source Project) source code, the bootloader checks three specific things before launching userspace fastboot:

Sometimes, a simple reboot can resolve the issue. Try rebooting your device and then attempting to boot into userspace fastboot mode again.