—the report doesn't stop there. It tells you that the maximum pressure shall not exceed the full hydrostatic pressure ( (2400 \times 9.81/1000 \times H \approx 23.5H \text kN/m^2) ) and not be less than (11.4 \text kN/m^2).
If the pour rate is fast and temperature is low, the concrete at the bottom remains fluid for a long time—pressure remains hydrostatic to a greater height. Conversely, a slow pour in hot weather means the bottom stiffens quickly, limiting peak pressure. ciria report 108 concrete pressure on formwork
The breakthrough? They proved that —and that stiffening starts far earlier than previously thought, even at high slump. Their final equation (the “CIRIA method”) linked pressure directly to pour rate and temperature, not just slump. —the report doesn't stop there
Enter , a document that revolutionized how the industry predicts lateral pressure. Published by the Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA), this 1985 benchmark remains the most cited practical guide for formwork pressure calculation worldwide. Conversely, a slow pour in hot weather means