Kant Repack Direct

famous claim: "Thoughts without content are empty; intuitions without concepts are blind." Both sense data (empiricism) and mental structures (rationalism) are necessary for knowledge.

His essay What is Enlightenment? (1784) famously answers: He defined enlightenment as humanity's emergence from self-imposed immaturity—the inability to think without a guide.

: "Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end".

was not just an ivory tower theorist. He was an ardent supporter of the French Revolution (though he never left Königsberg) and a founder of liberal political thought.